Induction of Labour Versus Conservative Management for Mild Gestational Hypertension at Term: A Cross-Sectional Study

Abstract

Background: Mild gestational hypertension at term presents a clinical dilemma regarding optimal timing of delivery. Induction of labour (IOL) may prevent progression of hypertension but could increase intervention rates. Conservative management allows spontaneous labour but risks maternal and fetal complications.

Objective: To compare maternal and perinatal outcomes of induction of labour versus conservative management in mild gestational hypertension at term.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted including 150 women diagnosed with mild gestational hypertension at ≥37 weeks gestation. Participants were managed either by labour induction or expectant/conservative approach. Maternal outcomes included progression to severe hypertension, mode of delivery, and complications. Neonatal outcomes included Apgar scores and NICU admissions.

Results: Induction group showed a higher rate of vaginal deliveries (75%) compared to conservative group (60%). Progression to severe hypertension was less frequent in induction group (10% vs 22%). Neonatal outcomes were comparable between groups.

Conclusion: Induction of labour in mild gestational hypertension at term may reduce progression to severe disease without compromising neonatal outcomes, suggesting a potential benefit over conservative management.

Keywords: Mild gestational hypertension, induction of labour, conservative management, maternal outcomes, perinatal outcomes, term pregnancy.