Journal of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Research

A Novel Approach on Nanosphere Based Colon Targeted Drug Delivery System

Vaishali Pardhe, Ashish Jain, Akhlesh Kumar Singhai — Mon, 08 Apr 2024 12:37:20 +0000

Oral route is the most feasible and desired one, CDDS may also employ alternative methods. When administering medications directly to the colon, rectal administration is the fastest method. Rectal administration makes it challenging to reach the proximal portion of the colon. Rectal administration may potentially cause patients discomfort and result in poor compliance. Particles with a diameter between 10 and 200 nm are known as nanospheres. Nanospheres can be crystalline or amorphous in form, and they can shield a medicine from enzymatic and chemical deterioration. When treating colonic illness, targeted drugdelivery to the colon ensures direct therapy at the afflicted area with a lower dose and less systemic adverse effects and provides an appropriate environment for proteins and peptides that are susceptible to gastric fluid and digestive enzymes. It also minimizes the first pass metabolism advantage of the standard dose form and prevents gastrointestinal discomfort brought on by the ingestion of NSAIDs.

Keywords: Nanospheres, CDDS, Nanoparticles, NSAID, gastrointestinal discomfort

Impact of Patient Demographics and Injury Patterns on the Choice and Success of Proximal Femur Fracture Surgeries

Akshay Sharma, Ashish Meena, Anu Kumar Changkum, Lokesh Thakur — Mon, 08 Apr 2024 13:08:04 +0000

Background: Understanding the influence of patient demographics and injury patterns on the choice and success of surgical interventions for stable extracapsular fractures of the proximal femur is crucial for optimizing treatment outcomes.

Methods: This comparative study analyzed 50 patients undergoing CRIF with either Gamma Nail or PFN, focusing on how demographics, injury patterns, and socio-economic status impacted surgical choice and outcomes.

Results: No significant differences were observed in age and socio-economic status between the two groups. Gender distribution and the mode of injury showed slight variations but did not substantially influence the surgical choice. Both Gamma Nail and PFN were utilized across a diverse patient population, suggesting the need for individualized surgical planning.

Conclusion: The choice of surgical technique for treating stable extracapsular fractures of the proximal femur is multifaceted, influenced by a combination of technical, demographic, and injury-related factors.

Keywords: Extracapsular fractures, proximal femur, Gamma Nail, Proximal Femoral Nail, patient demographics, injury patterns.

Demographic Influence on Percutaneous Tenotomy Outcomes in Chronic Lateral Epicondylitis

Anu Kumar Changkum, Ashish Meena, Akshay Sharma, Vipin Sharma — Mon, 08 Apr 2024 13:33:12 +0000

Background: Chronic lateral epicondylitis, or tennis elbow, affects individuals irrespective of age, gender, or occupation, impacting their functional arm movement and quality of life. Percutaneous tenotomy presents a minimally invasive treatment option, yet its efficacy across different demographic groups remains underexplored.

Methods: This retrospective study at the Department of Orthopaedics, Dr. RPGMC Kangra at Tanda, included 45 patients undergoing percutaneous tenotomy for chronic lateral epicondylitis. Patients were assessed pre-operatively and at intervals up to 36 months post-operation using NRS, DASH, and Oxford scores.

Results: Significant improvements in pain and functional scores were observed across all demographic groups, with no single demographic factor significantly influencing treatment outcomes.

Conclusion: Percutaneous tenotomy is universally effective in treating chronic lateral epicondylitis, offering significant pain relief and functional recovery across diverse demographic groups.

Keywords: Chronic lateral epicondylitis, Percutaneous tenotomy, Demographic influence, Pain relief, Functional recovery..

Postoperative Recovery and Rehabilitation: A Comparative Analysis of Mobility and Social Dependency After Gamma Nail Vs. Proximal Femoral Nail Surgery

Akshay Sharma , Ashish Meena , Anu Kumar Changkum , Lokesh Thakur — Mon, 08 Apr 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Background: The management of stable extracapsular fractures of the proximal femur challenges orthopedic practice, with postoperative recovery and rehabilitation outcomes being crucial for patient independence and quality of life. This study compares Gamma Nail and Proximal Femoral Nail (PFN) regarding mobility and social dependency post-surgery.

Methods: Fifty patients were retrospectively analyzed, divided into two groups based on the surgical intervention received. Mobility scores, social dependency scales, and pain levels were assessed at various postoperative intervals.

Results: The PFN group showed quicker improvements in mobility and reductions in social dependency, with notably less pain reported in the early postoperative period. Both interventions were effective, but PFN presented some advantages in facilitating rehabilitation.

Conclusion: While both Gamma Nail and PFN effectively manage stable extracapsular fractures, PFN may offer benefits in early postoperative recovery. Tailoring surgical choices to individual patient needs is essential for optimizing rehabilitation outcomes.

Keywords: Proximal femur fractures, Gamma Nail, Proximal Femoral Nail, postoperative recovery, mobility, social dependency.

Efficacy of Percutaneous Tenotomy in Chronic Lateral Epicondylitis Over Time

Anu Kumar Changkum , Akshay Sharma , Ashish Meena, Vipin Sharma — Mon, 08 Apr 2024 14:09:07 +0000

Background: Chronic lateral epicondylitis significantly impacts individuals' quality of life by causing persistent elbow pain and limited grip strength. Percutaneous tenotomy offers a promising approach to address this condition, yet its long-term efficacy remains underexplored.

Methods: This retrospective study assessed 45 patients who underwent percutaneous tenotomy for chronic lateral epicondylitis. Pain and functional outcomes were evaluated using NRS, DASH, and Oxford scores over a 36-month follow-up period.

Results: Significant improvements were observed in all outcome measures across the follow-up period, indicating sustained pain relief, functional recovery, and enhanced quality of life post-tenotomy.

Conclusion: Percutaneous tenotomy proves to be an effective and durable treatment for chronic lateral epicondylitis, offering significant benefits in terms of pain reduction and functional improvement over time.

Keywords: Chronic lateral epicondylitis, Percutaneous tenotomy, Long-term efficacy, Pain relief, Functional recovery.

Statistical Analysis of Percutaneous Tenotomy Outcomes in Chronic Lateral Epicondylitis

Anu Kumar Changkum , Akshay Sharma , Ashish Meena , Vipin Sharma — Tue, 30 Apr 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Keywords: Chronic lateral epicondylitis, Percutaneous tenotomy, Long-term efficacy, Pain relief, Functional recovery.

Efficacy and Outcomes of Gamma Nail Versus Proximal Femoral Nail in the Treatment of Stable Extracapsular Fractures of the Proximal Femur: A Comparative Study

Akshay Sharma , Anu Kumar Changkum , Ashish Meena , Vipin Sharma — Mon, 08 Apr 2024 14:52:29 +0000

Background: Stable extracapsular fractures of the proximal femur are a common and challenging injury in the elderly, with Gamma Nail and Proximal Femoral Nail (PFN) being the primary surgical options. This study aims to compare the efficacy and outcomes of these two methods.

Methods: A prospective study was conducted on 50 patients with stable extracapsular fractures, randomly assigned to undergo CRIF with either Gamma Nail or PFN. Parameters such as operation time, blood loss, radiological outcomes, and postoperative recovery were analyzed.

Results: The Gamma Nail group experienced shorter operation times (33±6.5 min) and less blood loss (28.08±32.80 ml) compared to the PFN group. Radiological outcomes showed no significant difference between the groups, with high success rates in achieving stable fixation. Both methods demonstrated effectiveness in managing these fractures, but Gamma Nail offered some technical advantages.

Conclusion: Gamma Nail and PFN are both effective for treating stable extracapsular fractures of the proximal femur, with the choice of technique depending on various patient-specific factors.

Keywords: Extracapsular fractures, proximal femur, Gamma Nail, Proximal Femoral Nail, orthopedic surgery, elderly.

H Hepatoprotective Activity of Piper crocatum (Ruiz &Pav.) Leaves Against Monosodium Glutamate -Induced Hepatotoxicity in Rats

Sri Endarti Rahayu, Bayu Kharisma, Suprihatin Suprihatin — Sat, 13 Apr 2024 05:17:48 +0000

Monosodium glutamate (MSG) is widely used as additive in food. Excess consumption of MSG was reported to cause oxidative stress on liver resulted increased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Without proper treatment, it can induce liver injury and fatal hepatic diseases, including cirrhosis. Red betel (Piper crocatum Ruis and Pav.) is one of Indonesia’s medicinal plants that has been known to exhibit antioxidant activity. The current study evaluated hepatoprotective effect of red betel leaves extract (RBLE) towards liver injury. Animals (n=5 per group) were randomly divided into five groups as follows: Group 1, control (distilled water); group 2, negative control, receive 7 mg/kg bw of MSG; group 3, receive oral 7g/kg b.w of MSG plus 200 mg/kg bw RBLE; group 4, receive oral 7g/kg b.w of MSG plus 400 mg/kg b.w RBLE and group 5, receive oral 7g/kg b.w of MSG plus 600 mg/kg b.w RBLE. The rats were sacrificed on twenty-ninth day of the experiment. Measuring serum levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanin aminotransferase (ALT) was done. Histopathological examination of liver was performed by calculated necrosis cell percentage. RBLE treatment (200 mg/kg b.w) decrease alanin aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase demonstrated increased compare to negative control. The histological findings revealed RBLE treatment were also able to decrease necrosis cells percentage. The study was able to demonstrate that RBLE treatment could decrease necrotic cell percentage. Low concentration of RBLE (200 mg/kg b.w) exhibit best anti-inflammatory properties and had the lowest ALT enzyme and increased live cell percentage by shifting cell death pathway from necrosis to apoptosis, and these indicating its antioxidant properties. These results could be used as a baseline in the purification of red betel bioactive components to be used for liver injury medication.

Key words: Antioxidant, hepatoprotective, histopathology, liver enzymes, MSG, red betel.