Study of Pharmacoeconomic Analysis of Drugs Used in the Treatment of Bronchial Asthma at a Tertiary Care Hospital in India

Abstract

Background: Bronchial asthma is a chronic respiratory condition requiring long-term pharmacotherapy. In India, the cost burden of asthma therapy impacts treatment adherence and clinical outcomes, especially among socioeconomically disadvantaged groups.

Aims & objectives: Objectives: This study aims to perform a pharmacoeconomic analysis of drugs used in bronchial asthma management at a tertiary care hospital in India, assess their cost-effectiveness, affordability, and accessibility, and identify potential strategies to optimize asthma care costs.
Material & Methods: A cross-sectional observational study was conducted over six months. Data on drug prescriptions, prices, and patient expenses were collected from outpatient and inpatient departments. Cost-effectiveness analysis, cost-minimization analysis, and affordability indices were used. Drug availability and procurement mechanisms were also evaluated.

Results: A total of 312 prescriptions were analyzed. Inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) and ICS+LABA combinations were most commonly prescribed. Cost-effectiveness analysis showed that generic formulations were significantly more economical than branded ones, with no difference in clinical outcomes. The average monthly cost of therapy ranged from ₹180 to ₹1500. Nearly 39% of patients spent more than 5% of their monthly income on asthma medication. Generic drug use improved affordability and adherence.

Conclusion: Pharmacoeconomic evaluation revealed that generic formulations are cost-effective and improve access to essential asthma medications. Policy interventions to promote generic prescriptions, ensure consistent drug availability, and improve insurance coverage could alleviate the financial burden on patients.

Keywords: Bronchial Asthma, Pharmacoeconomics, Cost-effectiveness, Generic Drugs, Affordability, Tertiary Care, India