Review of Protective Role of Bacopa Monnieri Plant Extract against Ethylene Glycol–Induced Urolithiasis in Experimental Rats

Abstract

Bacopa monnieri (L.) Pennell commonly referred to as Jalabrahmi, belongs to the family Plantaginaceae. This deciduous Herb is native to the hot-temperate regions of Africa and Asia and is well recognized for its resilience in harsh climates. The plant has garnered significant attention due to its nutritional and medicinal potential, widely explored in traditional and modern pharmacology. Bacopa monnieri (L.) exhibits notable adaptability and thrives in varied ecosystems, including mountainous regions, coastal areas, and semi-arid landscapes. The plant plays an ecological role in preventing soil erosion, contributing to habitat restoration, and promoting biodiversity in challenging terrains. The genus Bacopa consists of multiple species, with Bacopa monnieri being the most extensively studied. It falls within the Plantaginaceae family, characterized by nitrogen-fixing capabilities via root nodules that engage in symbiosis with actinobacteria. Bacopa monnieri (L.) contains a series of chemical compounds including Triterpenoid,saponins, Alkaloids, Flavonoids, Sterols, Other compounds etc. These compounds are of interest not only from the chemical point of view, but also because many of them possess biological and therapeutic activity including Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory, Diuretic, Nootropic (memory enhancer), and Neuroprotective properties. Because of these effects, Bacopa monnieri (L.) containing bioactive compounds is often used in traditional medicine. We can expect many scientific evidence supporting the benefits of the Jalabrahmi to maintain health and to cure the diseases by rationalizing it in proper Ayurvedic dosages form for this plant.

Keywords: Bacopa monnieri, Pharmacognosy, Traditional medicine, Anti-Urolithiatic