Pharmacological Strategies in Cancer Management A Comprehensive Review

Abstract

Cancer is a deadly disease and is the major cause of death worldwide. According to WHO cancer accounts for nearly 10 million deaths in 2020 or about 1in 6 deaths. The impact of factors is widespread, affecting various organs and tissues inthe body. The types of cancer such as breast, brain, lung, kidney, colorectal, lymphoma, as well as skin represent a diverse range of malignancies. The risk factors for developing cancer can include genetic factors, environmental exposures (such as tobacco smoke, ultraviolet radiation, and certain chemicals) lifestyle factors (such as diet and physical activity) and infections. The hallmarks of cancer represent a set of characteristics or capabilities that are commonly acquired by cells during the development of cancer. Multidrug resistance in cancerous cells is their ability to withstand the effects of multiple chemotherapeutic drugs, even if these drugs have different structures. The various Nano-drug delivery systems have been explored as a strategy to overcome multidrug resistance in cancer treatment.

Keywords: Cancer, chemotherapy, radiation, biopsy, tumour, gene mutation