Coxsakie B virus among type 1diabetic Sudanese children

Salma Suliman OsmanElhag1, Dhoha El-aminIbrahim EI-Shaikh Iddriss2, Amal IbrahimElhagAbdelrahman2,

Salma Suliman OsmanElhag1, Dhoha El-aminIbrahim EI-Shaikh Iddriss2, Amal IbrahimElhagAbdelrahman2, 1M.Sc student Microbiology Department, Faculty of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Al-Neelain University, Sudan 2M.Scstudent Microbiology Department, Faculty of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Al-Neelain University, Sudan 3 Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Sudan University of Khartoum, Sudan 4 Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, College of Medicine, University of Bisha , Saudi Arabia 5Assistant professor -Microbiology Department, Faculty of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Al-Neelain University, Sudan

Abstract

Background: Type 1 diabetes is characterized by autoimmune destruction of pancreatic beta cells. Infection by Coxsackievirus B virus has been linked to the onset of type 1 diabetes; however its precise role has not been elucidated yet.

Objective: The aim of this study was to detect the seroprevalance of group B CoxsackievirusIgG antibodies, and to determine the relationship between the presence of antibodies and certain factors such as (Duration, family history, a report of symptoms).

Methods: A total of 54 blood samples (29 paediatric diabetic cases and 25 non diabetic children as controls) who attending to Omdurman Children Hospital, Ahmed Gasim Children Hospital, during the period from September – October 2014, were enrolled in this study. 54 serum specimens were collected from Paediatric diabetic and non-diabetic children, and analysed by ELISA technique.

Results: The results showed that in the whole study sample, there were 61% (n=33) group B CoxsackievirusIgG positive; there were 39% (n=21) group B CoxsackievirusIgG negative. Of the 29 diabetic cases, there were 68.97% (n=20) positive for group B CoxsackievirusIgG, and 31.03% (n=9) negative for group B CoxsackievirusIgG. On the other hand, of the 25 non diabetic controls, we found 52% (n=12) positive for group B CoxsackievirusIgG, and 48% (n=13) negative for group B CoxsackievirusIgG.

Conclusion: Statistical analysis showed that no association between a positive ELISA test in a diabetic child and a report of fever, reporting a family history, or longer duration of illness. Further research is needed on serological specimens with larger sample size.

Keywords: Type 1 diabetes; Coxsackievirus B virus; children; IgGantibodies