COMPARITIVE EVALUATION OF TISSUE GLYCOGEN AND SALIVARY PH IN CHRONIC GINGIVITIS AND CHRONIC PERIODONTITIS PATIENTS

S.V.V.S. MUSALAIAH1, V. DIVYA2, M. NAGASREE3, P. ARAVIND KUMAR4, P. INDEEVAR5

S.V.V.S. MUSALAIAH1, V. DIVYA2, M. NAGASREE3, P. ARAVIND KUMAR4, P. INDEEVAR5 1 PROFESSOR, AND HEAD OF THE DEPARTMENT, DEPARTMENT OF PERIODONTICS, ST.JOSEPH DENTAL COLLEGE AND HOSPITAL. 2 PG STUDENT, DEPARTMENT OF PERIODONTICS, ST.JOSEPH DENTAL COLLEGE AND HOSPITAL. 3 PROFESSOR, DEPARTMENT OF PERIODONTICS, ST.JOSEPH DENTAL COLLEGE AND HOSPITAL. 4 PROFESSOR, DEPARTMENT OF PERIODONTICS, ST.JOSEPH DENTAL COLLEGE AND HOSPITAL. 5 SENIOR LECTURER, DEPARTMENT OF PERIODONTICS, ST.JOSEPH DENTAL COLLEGE AND HOSPITAL.

Abstract

BACKGROUND: The inflammation of gingiva is known as gingivitis with microorganisms present in the gingival sulcus, being the major cause for this pathologic condition. Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease which is a successor of gingivitis. The role of bacterial putrefactive processes in the etiology of periodontitis has been discussed in many studies. To explore such possibilities further, investigation of relationship between the saliva and adjacent pocket tissue on a chemical basis is essential. Glycogen is a normal fuel reservoir for most tissues, changes in this constituent should give some indication of the metabolic activity within the tissue. The presence of saliva is vital for the maintenance of healthy oral tissues. Acting as a biological fluid this also acts as a diagnostic fluid in many cases. Salivary PH is has been found to be biologic marker for inflammatory process. It is therefore postulated that salivary ph can be correlated with tissue glycogen levels.

AIM: The aim of the present study is to compare the tissue glycogen level with salivary ph in both chronic gingivitis and chronic periodontitis patients.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: the study sample was collected from patients who attended the department of Periodontics St. Joseph Dental College; patients who were diagnosed with chronic- generalized periodontitis and chronic generalized gingivitis. The patients were allocated to 2 groups of 10 patients each. Saliva sample was collected from all the patients and PH was measured. Biopsy was taken at the deepest pocket for periodontitis patients and at any site in gingivitis patient. The amount of glycogen is measured in all the biopsy samples using PAS staining.

RESULTS: The amount of glycogen in gingivitis is greater than the amount of glycogen in periodontitis. The salivary ph of gingivitis patients is more basic than the salivary ph of periodontitis patients.

CONCLUSION: Correlating the above findings, it can be concluded that when the salivary PH is acidic then there is depletion of glycogen in gingiva and when the salivary PH is basic then the amount of glycogen is elevated in gingiva.