HYPEROSMOLALITY ALTERS MACROPHAGE SYNTHESIS AND REGULATION; ROLE OF PHOSPHOLIPASE C ENZYMES

Abstract

High NaCl stimulates activity of the osmoprotective transcription factor TonEBP/OREBP by enhancing its phosphorylation, transactivating ability, and localization to the nucleus. PLC γ plays an important role in these mechanisms. On the other hand, macrophages play important roles in both innate and adaptive immune responses. One major function of macrophages is to monitor their environment for invading pathogens like bacteria or viruses and consequent elimination by phagocytosis. In addition, phagocytosing macrophages are essential for the clearance of apoptotic cells and cell debris. Foreign antigens are identified and internalized by pattern-recognition receptors on the cell surface, including scavenger receptors and Toll-like receptors. This review examines the influence of NaCl induced hyperosmolality and the role of Phospholipase C (PLC) in macrophage synthesis and regulation.
Key words: PLC, macrophages, Hyperosmolality, TonEBP, NaCl, p53