To Investigate the Hormonal Profile, Clinical Characteristics and Epidemiological Features of Adult Females with Ovarian Cancer

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Acne vulgaris (AV) is a common chronic inflammatory skin disease that is considered one of the diseases of civilization because of the significant influence of environmental factors on the frequency and severity of these lesions. The disease affects about 9.4% of the world's population. While adolescence is the typical time for it to happen, it can occur at any age between 11 and 30. Around the ages of 15 and 18, when puberty is most likely to have begun, is when AV is most common in late adolescence. Up to 100% of adolescents and 80% of adults in this age group are believed to be affected. Usually starting in the second decade of life, the dermatosis gradually becomes milder as people age and eventually disappears at the end of the second or beginning of the third decade. However, in certain cases, the disease has persisted into the third or even the fourth decade of life. Analyzing the patients' pre-treatment hormonal profiles and the hormonal parameters that were chosen for post-treatment was the aim of this study. The initial objective was to look at the connection between a few hormonal markers and the severity of acne prior to treatment.

MATERIAL AND METHOD: Adult female patients over 25 who presented with signs and symptoms of acne vulgaris to the hospital's outpatient dermatology department were the subjects of this cross-sectional study. For the purpose of the study, 100 patients—50 cases and 50 controls—were assembled using a sequential sampling technique. Each research subject provided their informed consent. After a comprehensive medical history and physical examination, the patient's habits, the location of additional skin lesions and acne lesions, any related disorders, and the connection between menstrual cycle and acne flare-ups were all noted. We asked the patients about their age, height, weight, and regularity of menstruation.

RESULTS: Nine (9%), twenty (20%), and four (4%) patients had hyperseborrhea, hirsutism, and androgenic alopecia, respectively. Of the patients, 11 (11%) had irregular menstrual cycles. Twelve patients (12%) and one patient (1%), respectively, observed seasonal variations linked to acne in the summer and winter. Thirteen (15%) of the patients had a history of stress. According to the reports, 18 (18%) and 17 (17%) patients, respectively, consumed dairy and oily foods.

CONCLUSION: Acne is one of the most common and easiest skin disorders to diagnose in dermatological practice. When hormonal screening was performed, we only found abnormal levels in a small subset of patients who also showed clinical signs of hyperandrogenism. Hormonal therapy is an effective way to treat female acne even in situations where the serum androgen levels are normal. Further studies comparing women with aberrant androgenic parameters to those with normal androgenic parameters about their response to anti-androgen therapy may provide light on the role androgens play in female acne.

KEYWORDS: Acne Vulgaris, Hyperandrogenism, Laboratory Markers, Profile, Hormonal Factors, Contraception and Treatment.