Enhancing Surgical Outcomes in Retinal Vein Thrombosis: A Comparative Study of Treatment Approaches

Abstract

Background: Retinal vein thrombosis (RVT) is a prevalent retinal vascular disorder that can lead to significant vision loss due to complications such as macular edema and retinal neovascularization. Effective management of RVT involves various surgical interventions including vitrectomy, retinal laser photocoagulation, and intravitreal anti-VEGF injections. Despite advancements in treatment, optimizing outcomes remains challenging. Understanding how different surgical approaches impact visual acuity and complication rates is crucial for improving patient care. This study aims to compare these treatment modalities to identify the most effective strategies for enhancing visual outcomes and minimizing complications in RVT management.

Objective: To assess the effectiveness of vitrectomy, retinal laser photocoagulation, and intravitreal anti-VEGF injections in improving visual acuity and reducing complications in RVT patients. Material and Methods: A study was conducted in the Department of Ophthalmology including 60 patients with RVT. Patients received one of three surgical treatments: vitrectomy, laser photocoagulation, or anti-VEGF injections. Outcomes were measured in terms of visual acuity and postoperative complications.

Results: Vitrectomy resulted in the greatest improvement in visual acuity. Laser photocoagulation and anti-VEGF injections also showed significant improvements, with varying incidence rates of complications.
Conclusion: Tailoring surgical interventions to the specific needs of RVT patients can enhance visual outcomes and reduce complications. Combining treatment modalities may offer optimal results. Keywords: Retinal vein thrombosis, Vitrectomy, Laser photocoagulation, Anti-VEGF injections, Visual acuity, Surgical outcomes