PREVALENCE OF ANTIBIOTIC SENSITIVITY AND RESISTANCE IN KLEBSIELLA PNEUMONIA ISOLATES FROM OMANI PATIENTS

Abstract

Klebsiella pneumoniae is currently regarded as one of the most important opportunistic pathogen causing nosocomial and community infections naturally resistant to amino-penicillins and carboxy-penicillins due to extended spectrum beta-lactamase producing genes, which are associated with multidrug resistance. The main purpose of the present work was to retrospectively study the pattern of antibiotic resistance and sensitivity in Omani patients testing K. pneumoniae positive from 2010 to 2013 and also to know category of resistant antibiotics, common  sensitive  and  resistance  antibiotics. This was a chart review study carried out retrospectively from the microbiology laboratory data and epidemiology records of 85 Omani cases having K. pneumoniae infection. The laboratorial records covers type of antibiotics used, whether the antibiotic sensitive or resistance,  name of organism, type of specimen and the year. The resistance rate of patient isolates of K. pneumoniae to ampicillin remains high 99%; augmentin, 84%; cephalosporins ranged between 42 - 81%; ciprofloxacin, 28%; trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, 37%; amikacin, 32%; gentamicin, 32%; pipracillin, 39% of patients. The most sensitive antibiotic for K. pneumoniae was imipenem in 96% of cases. In conclusion, we have seen increased rates of K. pneumoniae incidence overtime and resistance rates to most of antibiotics tested except imipenem. Therefore, we recommend continued surveillance of antibiotic resistance and selective use of antibiotics to control rapid increase in antimicrobial resistance especially against K. pneumoniae to avoid its outbreak.